U.S. Federal Employment Law

Introduction:

Call numbers and locations noted after citations indicate where materials are held in the Law Library. If you are not familiar with Library of Congress call numbers check our research guide on that topic. Note that some materials are held at other libraries on campus (e.g., the Labor and Industrial Relations Library). Abbreviations for each resource according to the rules of the Bluebook are provided, but you should always check them when composing documents, as a citation’s proper format can vary according to the context in which it appears.

GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES*

Employment law in the United States is a heavily regulated area; administrative agencies play an enormous role by promulgating and enforcing regulations and adjudicating disputes. It is important to be familiar with the leading administrative agencies and their role in U.S. employment law. Following is a brief list of major agencies with the URLs for their websites and a brief description.

Department of Labor (DOL): http://www.dol.gov
The cabinet-level agency responsible for general administration of federal labor laws, the DOL oversees the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) (along with the Department of Commerce and the Treasury), and other government entities involved in administering federal labor and employment law policy.

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC): http://www.eeoc.gov/
Investigates, resolves, and, when necessary, prosecutes charges of workplace discrimination. Individuals seeking to file their own civil suit alleging employment discrimination are generally required to have already pursued the matter with the EEOC and obtained a “right-to-sue” letter from the EEOC.

Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB): http://www.mspb.gov
Adjudicates disputes involving employees of the federal government.

Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP): http://www.dol.gov/esa/ofccp/
Ensures compliance with the Rehabilitation Act by federal contractors (the EEOC is responsible for compliance by the federal government).

Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC): http://www.pbgc.gov/
Guarantees pension benefits for employees and retirees whose employers default or otherwise fail to meet the obligations of defined-benefit plans. What the PBGC does for pensions is analogous to what the FDIC does for bank accounts. It is extensively involved in administering the ERISA.

Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA): http://www.osha.gov/
Promulgates and enforces standards to ensure safe and healthy workplace environments and conditions, not to be confused with the related Occupational Health and Safety Act (also abbreviated OSHA) which created it.

Veterans’ Employment & Training Service (VETS): http://www.dol.gov/vets/welcome.html
Administers the Jobs for Veterans Act and the USERRA, which guarantee employees time off for military service and prohibit discrimination against veterans. *This list is by no means exhaustive, for more agencies related to employment laws, check this list at the DOL’s website: http://www.dol.gov/dol/organization.htm

PRIMARY SOURCES

Statutes

As always when beginning to research a legal issue, determining if a statute addresses the matter is always a good place to start. Following is a list of major federal employment law statutes. The area each statute addresses is included where it is not self-evident from the statute’s name. The list is not exhaustive; if you don’t see a relevant statute here, check the index to the United States Code.

Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), 81 Stat. 602 (1967) (codified as amended at 29 U.S.C. §§ 621-34 (2000)). Includes as an amendment the Older Workers Benefit Protection Act, 104 Stat. 978 (1990) (codified at 29 U.S.C. §§ 621, 623 (2000)).

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), 104 Stat. 327 (1990) (codified as amended at 42 U.S.C. §§ 12101-2118 (2000)). Prohibits employers from unfairly discriminating against disabled persons.

Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII), 78 Stat. 253 (1964) (codified as amended at 29 U.S.C. §§ 2000e-2000e17 (2000)). Prohibits employers from unfairly discriminating against persons for a host of reasons, including religion, gender, race, etc.; also addresses workplace harassment. Expand protections provided by the Reconstruction Era Civil Rights Acts. Includes, as amendments, the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, 92 Stat. 2076 (1978) (codified at 42 U.S.C. §2000e(k) (2000)) and the Equal Employment Opportunity Act, 86 Stat. 103 (1972) (codified at 42 U.S.C. §§ 2000e et seq. (2000)).

Civil Rights Act of 1991, 105 Stat. 1071 (1991) (codified at 42 U.S.C. § 1981A (20000)). Amends the plaintiffs’ ability to recover damages for violations of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Davis-Bacon Act, 46 Stat. 1494 (1931) (codified as amended at 40 U.S.C. § 3141-47 (2000)). Requires that employers under federal contract pay employees working on federally contracted projects wages comparable to the prevailing wage rate for similar work in the area.

Drug Free Workplace Act, 102 Stat. 4304 (1988) (codified at 41 U.S.C. §§ 701-07 (2000)). Requires employers under federal contract to promulgate and enforce certain rules aimed at preventing drug abuse by employees in the workplace.

Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), 88 Stat. 829 (1974) (codified as amended at 29 U.S.C. §§ 1001-1461 (2000)). Imposes reporting and administrative requirements on employers’ pension and retirement plans aimed at ensuring the viability and fairness of such plans; created the PBGC.

Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), 52 Stat. 1060 (1938) (codified as amended at 29 U.S.C. §§ 201-19 (2000)). Requires adherence to federal standards for overtime pay, minimum wages, prohibition of unlawful wage discrimination etc.; includes, as an amendment, the Equal Pay Act, 77 Stat. 56 (1963) (codified at 29 U.S.C. §206 (2000)).

Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA), 107 Stat. 6 (1993) (codified as amended at 29 U.S.C. §§ 2601-54 (2000)). Requires employers to permit employees leave for designated family-related and medical reasons, such as pregnancies, births, adoptions, illnesses, etc.

Jobs for Veterans Act, 116 Stat. 2033 (2002) (codified at 38 U.S.C. §§ 4100-300 (2000)). Establishes programs aimed at reducing unemployment among veterans and requiring employers awarded under federal contracts to proactively seek to employ qualified veterans.

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA), 84 Stat. 1590 (1970) (codified as amended at 29 U.S.C. §§ 651-78 (2000)). Requires adherence to various standards to ensure safe and healthy workplace environments and conditions; created the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (also abbreviated OSHA).

Mine Safety and Health Act, 91 Stat. 1290 (1977) (codified at 30 U.S.C. §§ 801-962 (2000)). Imposes health and safety standards on employers in the mining industry aimed at protecting miners from injury and disease.

Reconstruction Era Civil Rights Acts, 14 Stat. 27 (1866) (codified as amended at 42 U.S.C. §§ 1981, 1983, 1985 (2000)). Prohibits unfairly discriminating against persons for a host of reasons, including religion, gender, race, etc. Primarily applicable to governments, and having some ramifications for government employees, its protections against unfair discrimination were dramatically expanded by the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 87 Stat. 355 (1973) (codified as amended at 29 U.S.C. §§ 701 et seq. (2000)). Establishes programs to provide vocational rehabilitation services to disabled persons and reduce unemployment and underemployment of such persons.

Service Contract Act, 79 Stat. 1034 (1965) (codified at 41 U.S.C. §§ 351-58 (2000)). Expands upon requirements of the Davis-Bacon Act that employers working on federal contracts must provide appropriate wages and benefits to employees working on federally contracted projects.

Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA), 108 Stat. 3149 (1994) (codified as amended at 38 U.S.C. §§ 4301-333 (2000)). Prohibits employers from discriminating against members of the armed forces due to their military service.

Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act, 49 Stat. 2036 (1936) (codified at 41 U.S.C. §§ 35-45 (2000)). Yet another statute imposing standards of pay, hours, and working conditions upon employers working on federal contracts.

Regulations

Most regulations involving employment law can be found in Titles 5 (government employees), 20 (employment benefits), 29 (wages, working conditions, labor law matters, discrimination, etc.), and 42 (health and medical benefits) of the Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R.), but particular matters may be addressed by other regulations. However, because of the enormous amount of regulations involving employment law, it is not practicable to enumerate even selected major regulations. Researchers seeking out specific regulations are instead advised to consult the annotations to relevant statutes and the index to the C.F.R.(at KF70.A2) to identify regulations relevant to a particular issue.

Decisions

After identifying relevant statutes and regulations, it is important to find out how courts and other adjudicative bodies have interpreted and applied those statutes and regulations to particular situations. No two situations are exactly the same, but the decisions made in past situations may indicate how similar situations will be resolved in the future.

Administrative Law Judges’ Decisions:

Many disputes involving employment law are first adjudicated by an administrative law judge, or “ALJ.” The term “judge” here can be confusing, since ALJs are employed by administrative agencies, part of the executive, not the judicial, branch of government. ALJs interpret and apply the regulations administrative agencies promulgate, and their decisions can be appealed to the judiciary (sometimes after an intermediate appeal to another administrative, quasi-judiciary body such as a panel or board).
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGE DECISIONS REPORT. At KF5365 .A553 stacks.

Court Decisions:

Courts interpret and apply regulations and statutes, depending on the nature of a dispute and the governing law, it may first be heard by a trial court, or appealed to a trial court after administrative relief has been exhausted. The opinions of trial courts can, in turn, be appealed to higher, appellate courts. Using a digest is often the best way to locate court decisions, for help using digests consult our research guide on digests or a reference librarian.

• UNITED STATES REPORTS. At KF101 stacks - Decisions of the Unites States Supreme Court.
• UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT REPORTS, LAWYERS’ EDITION. - Decisions of the Unites States Supreme Court, with handy annotations and coding to the Lawyers’ Edition headnote system.
• WEST’S SUPREME COURT REPORTER - Decisions of the Unites States Supreme Court, with handy annotations and coding to the West Key Number System.
• WEST’S FEDERAL REPORTER. At KF110 stacks - Decisions of the United States Circuit Courts of Appeals.
• WEST’S FEDERAL SUPPLEMENT. At KF120 SER.2 stacks

Online Resources

Court decisions are also available via LexisNexis, Westlaw, FindLaw, LexisONE, and via individual courts’ websites.

Combined Resources:

Many resources are designed to provide one-stop shopping for researchers by providing statutes, regulations, decisions, and explanatory materials all in one resource. These resources are often arranged by topic (e.g., employment discrimination, wages and hours standards, etc.) They are very helpful but are designed with experienced, practicing lawyers in mind. If you are not familiar with them, consulting a reference librarian about how to use them can save you considerable time and frustration.

BNA Labor & Employment Law Library http://laborandemploymentlaw.bna.com
Excellent one-stop shopping online. This service includes decisions by courts and administrative agencies (ALJs, boards, etc.), statutes and regulations, newsletters, forms, and reference manuals that help explain things. The downside of this service is that it has a very poorly designed interface and searching for information in it can be difficult if you don’t already have the citation to a particular document in hand or are not familiar with the employment law to begin with. Access is restricted to UIUC students, faculty, and staff or those physically present in the law library.

EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES GUIDE AND DECISIONS (CCH) at KF3315 .L32X stacks.
A part of CCH’s Labor Law Reporter; contains cases and extensive editorial discussion.

FAIR EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES MANUAL AND CASES (BNA) at KF3365 .L33X stacks.
A part of BNA’s Labor Relations Reporter; contains cases, regulations, and statutes regarding employment discrimination.

LAB. L. REP. (CCH). At KF3315 .L32X stacks.
Actually consists of multiple resources:

• LABOR RELATIONS contains digests, analysis, commentary, statutes, and regulations (state and federal); it is somewhat analogous to the BNA LABOR RELATIONS REPORTER but lacks the full texts of decisions. Focuses more on labor law more than employment law.
• WAGES AND HOURS contains material regarding discrimination, Fair Labor Standards Act guidelines, and other matters. Also contains rulings by administrative law judges regarding labor laws.
• STATE LAWS: The first two volumes of this resource contained compilations of labor and employment laws from each state, with references to the codes and case law. However, these were discontinued in 1998 and replaced by two separate titles: STATE COMPENSATION LAWS and STATE INDIVIDUAL EMPLOYMENT RIGHTS LAWS. The portion containing DECISIONS, however, continues to be produced, and contains the decisions of state courts regarding labor and employment issues.

SECONDARY SOURCES

Ready Reference

These resources provide concise overviews of the law in various areas. Nutshells are small, paperback books and are especially brief and general. Hornbooks are larger, hardbound books that go into more detail. Either is a good place to start if you are unfamiliar with a particular area of law; both are written with law students in mind and do not assume the reader has much expertise in the law.

Nutshells

• ROBERT N. COVINGTON & KURT H. DECKER, EMPLOYMENT LAW IN A NUTSHELL (2d ed., 2002). At 344.4101 C838e2002 in the labor & industrial relations library. The law library has the precursor to this book, INDIVIDUAL EMPLOYEE RIGHTS IN A NUTSHELL, at KF3455.Z9 C681995 in open reserves.
• KURT H. DECKER, FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE IN A NUTSHELL (2000). At KF3531.Z9 D432000 in open reserves.
• JAY CONISON, EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS IN A NUTSHELL (3d ed., 2003). At KF3512.Z9 C68 2003 in open reserves.
• JACK B HOOD, BENJAMIN A HARDY, JR., & HAROLD S. LEWIS, JR., WORKERS’ COMPENSATION & EMPLOYEE PROTECTION LAWS IN A NUTSHELL (4th ed., 2005). At KF3615.Z9 H641984 in open reserves.
• MACK A. PLAYER, FEDERAL LAW OF EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION IN A NUTSHELL (5th ed., 2004). At KF3464.Z9 P552004 in open reserves.

Hornbooks

• MARK A. ROTHSTEIN ET AL., EMPLOYMENT LAW (3d ed., 2005). At KF3455 .E4682 2005 in open reserves. This hornbook is an abridged version of the treatise by the same authors; it contains a handy guide to researching employment law as an appendix.

Treatises

Treatises provide detailed analysis and commentary about specific areas of law. They contain extensive detail and annotations to relevant statutes, regulations, decisions, and other secondary sources such as law review articles. They are written with practicing lawyers in mind and assume the reader already has some familiarity with the law, so they can be intimidating and confusing to novices. If you are unfamiliar with an area of law, consider consulting a ready-reference resource first.

BUREAU OF NATIONAL AFFAIRS, THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964: TEXT, ANALYSIS, LEGISLATIVE HISTORY: WHAT IT MEANS TO EMPLOYERS, BUSINESSMEN, UNIONS, EMPLOYEES, MINORITY GROUPS (1964). At KF4749 .B85 in the stacks.

JAMES O. CASTAGNERA ET AL., TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT (2005). At KF 3471.A6 P74 in the stacks. This treatise is filed in a loose-leaf folder and is updated regularly.

COMMERCE CLEARING HOUSE, EEOC COMPLIANCE MANUAL (1999). At KF3464.A6 U51999 in stacks. This is filed in a loose-leaf folder and is updated regularly. The manual is also available electronically for free from the government at: http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS5531

ARTHUR LARSON ET AL., EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION (2D ED., 2005). At KF3464 .L371994 stacks. This treatise is filed in a loose-leaf folder and is updated regularly. Arthur Larson himself died in 1993, but the treatise is still commonly referred to by his name.

ARTHUR LARSON ET AL., LARSON’S WORKERS’ COMPENSATION LAW (2005). At KF3613 .L37X in the stacks. This treatise is filed in a loose-leaf folder and is updated regularly. Arthur Larson himself died in 1993, but the treatise is still commonly referred to by his name.

MARK A. ROTHSTEIN ET AL., EMPLOYMENT LAW (3d ed., 2004). The law library currently has the second (1999) edition available at KF3455 .E4681999 in open reserves. This treatise is an expanded version of the hornbook by the same authors.

Periodicals

Periodicals include legal newspapers and bar journals and scholarly publications called law journals or law reviews. Legal newspapers and bar journals are aimed at practicing lawyers and contain brief articles about newsworthy developments in the law. Journals and reviews are geared primarily toward scholars and contain articles written primarily by law professors; they are a good place to go for in-depth analysis and discussion of specific topics, and because the contain extensive citations to other resources, they can be a good place to find statutes, regulations, decisions, and other secondary sources that may be useful. Leading periodicals are listed below with brief descriptions of the subjects they focus on. Unless otherwise noted, these are located with the periodicals and arranged alphabetically by title.

Benefits Law Journal (BENEFITS L.J.) Published quarterly; professionally edited. Written for practicing lawyers and human resources professionals more so than academics, covers laws regarding employee benefits, pensions, ERISA and tax issues.

Berkeley Journal of Employment and Labor Law (BERKELEY J. EMP. & LAB. L.) Published biannually; edited by students. Formerly called Industrial Relations Law Journal, a traditional scholarly periodical covering a very broad range of subjects: employment discrimination, wrongful termination, unionization, strikes, etc. It covers both private and public sector issues and includes comparative and international employment and labor law. Tables of contents available online for volume 18 – present at: http://www.boalt.org/BJELL/index.html

Employee Benefits Plan Review (EMP. BENEFIT PLAN REV.) Published monthly; professionally edited. Largely a current awareness tool for practicing lawyers and HR professionals, it covers retirement, 401(k), health and disability plans, employee stock options, etc. in shorter, magazine-style articles.

Employee Relations Law Journal (EMP. RELATIONS L.J.) Published quarterly; professionally edited. Articles by practicing lawyers and human resources professionals about compliance with laws regarding leave, discrimination, harassment, termination, etc.

Employee Rights and Employment Policy Journal (EMP. RTS. & EMP. POL’Y J.) Published biannually; professionally edited. Produced jointly by the Chicago-Kent College of Law and the Illinois Institute of Technology, this journal’s focus is multidisciplinary perspectives on employees rights in the workplace.

Hofstra Labor and Employment Law Journal (HOFSTRA LAB. & EMP. L.J.) Published biannually; edited by students. Articles cover labor and employment law generally, and articles cover a very broad range of topics. Authors are more often academics than practitioners, and articles more often focused on theory than application. The current issue is available in .pdf format free online here (past issues are not freely available): http://www.hofstra.edu/Academics/Law/law_laborlaw.cfm

Journal of Pension Planning and Compliance (J. PENSION PLAN. & COMPLIANCE) Published quarterly; professionally edited. Focused specifically on retirement and pension benefits, this journal focuses on complying with ERISA and tracks rulings by the IRS, DOL, PBGC, and courts as well as legislation. Articles are focused more on pragmatic application than academic theory; practicing attorneys, accountants, and economists author many of the articles, though university professors are also represented.

University of Pennsylvania Journal of Labor and Employment Law (U. PA. J. LAB. & EMP.)

Another journal of general scope with articles covering a broad range of topics, this publication includes an annual symposium issue which can be helpful for discovering or monitoring newer developments.

Employment Law Update. At KF3457 .E457 in the stacks. Published annually, this compiles articles by experts; though geared towards practitioners, many of its articles are indistinguishable from the sort that appears in scholarly law journals. The law library has the precursor to this resource, the Wiley Employment Law Update, at KF3319 .W48 in the stacks.

Directories

FreeERISA: http://www.freeerisa.com/
Free website with Employer Identification Numbers and other data regarding benefits and pensions. For similar resources check Zimmerman’s Research Guide: http://lexisnexis.com/infopro/zimmerman/disp.aspx?z=1420

Websites

The following websites have useful information for researchers in employment law.

Employment Law Information Network: http://www.elinfonet.com

FindLaw: http://www.findlaw.com/01topics/27labor

Wex: http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/index.php/Employment_Topics
Wex is a free online legal encyclopedia from Cornell University’s Legal information Institute; unlike other wikis, authorship and editing is limited to qualified experts, so the articles are quite reliable.

Legislative Histories*

Legislative histories compile congressional reports, prints, testimony, texts of alternate versions of bills, and similar information. They can be useful for analyzing a statute’s history. Some are published by the U.S. Congress itself (as the committee prints below), others by various other governmental or private entities.

Committee Prints:

H. COMM. ON EDUCATION AND LABOR, 87 Cong., LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF THE DAVIS-BACON ACT (1962). At Y4.ED8-1:D29-4 federal documents.

H. COMM. ON EDUCATION AND LABOR, 88th Cong., LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF EQUAL PAY ACT OF 1963 (AMENDING SEC. 6 OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT OF 1938, AS AMENDED), P.L. 88-38 (1963). At KF3467.A31 A151963 in compact stacks.

SUBCOMM. ON LABOR OF THE S. COMM. ON LABOR AND PUBLIC WELFARE, 92 Cong., LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT OF 1970 (S. 2193, P.L. 91-596) (1971). At KF3567.124 .A151971 in compact stacks.

SUBCOMM. ON LABOR OF THE S. COMM. ON LABOR AND PUBLIC WELFARE, 92d Cong., LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF THE EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY ACT OF 1972 (H.R. 1746, P.L. 92-261), AMENDING TITLE VII OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964 (1972). At 331.113 UN3561L in Labor & Industrial Relations Library.

SUBCOMM. ON LABOR OF THE S. COMM. ON LABOR AND PUBLIC WELFARE, 94th Cong., LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS AMENDMENTS OF 1974 (PUBLIC LAW 93-259) (1976). At 331.2 UN381L in Labor & Industrial Relations Library.

MARC ROSENBLUM, S. SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON AGING, 95th Cong., NEXT STEPS IN COMBATING AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MANDATORY RETIREMENT POLICY (1977). At 331.116 R72N Labor & Industrial Relations Library.

S. COMMITTEE ON LABOR AND HUMAN RESOURCES, 96th Cong., LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF THE PREGNANCY DISCRIMINATION ACT OF 1978: PUBLIC LAW 95-555 (1980). At KF3467.A32 A151979 in compact stacks.

S. COMM. ON LABOR AND HUMAN RESOURCES, 101st Cong., THE AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT WAIVER PROTECTION ACT OF 1989: REPORT TOGETHER WITH MINORITY VIEWS (TO ACCOMPANY S. 54) (1989). At in Y1.1/5:101-79 Main Library Government Documents.

H. COMM. ON EDUCATION AND LABOR, 101st Cong., LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF PUBLIC LAW 101-336, THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT (1990). At DOC. Y4.ED8/1:102-B federal documents.

S. COMM. ON LABOR AND HUMAN RESOURCES, 102d Cong., LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF THE OLDER WORKERS BENEFIT PROTECTION ACT (S. 1511 AND RELATED BILLS) (1991). At in Y4.L11/4:S.PRT.102-33/ federal documents.

Others:

EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYMENT COMMISSION, LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF TITLES 7 AND 11 OF CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964 (1968). At 331.113 UN362L in Education Library.

BUREAU OF NATIONAL AFFAIRS, THE JOB SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT OF 1970: TEXT, ANALYSIS, LEGISLATIVE HISTORY (1971). At KF3570 .B8 in compact stacks.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, LEGAL COMPILATION, STATUTES AND LEGISLATIVE HISTORY, EXECUTIVE ORDERS, REGULATIONS, GUIDELINES AND REPORTS (1974). At MFICHEDOC. EP1.5/3: in Main Library. *Includes extensive information about the Davis-Bacon Act and the OSHA.

PAUL M. DOWNING, EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY ACT OF 1972: LEGISLATIVE HISTORY (1977). At DOC. LC14.2:EQ35X in federal documents.

CHARLES AND BARBARA WHALEN, THE LONGEST DEBATE: A LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF THE 1964 CIVIL RIGHTS ACT (1985). At KF4756.A315 A1681984 in the stacks.

THE LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT (G. John Tysse, ed. 1990). At KF480.A32 A151991 stacks.

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1991, 1991 U.S.S.C.A.N. 549-769

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF THE UNIFORMED SERVICES EMPLOYMENT AND REEMPLOYMENT RIGHTS ACT, 1994 U.S.S.C.A.N. 2449-2515.

*Compiled in part from Bernard D. Reams, Jr., FEDERAL LEGISLATIVE HISTORIES: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY AND INDEX TO OFFICIALLY PUBLISHED SOURCES (1994). At KF42.21994 reference.